Rare earth elements associated with carbonatite–alkaline complexes in western Rajasthan, India: exploration targeting at regional scale

Abstract. A two-stage fuzzy inference system (FIS) is applied to prospectivity modelling and exploration-target delineation for rare earth element (REE) deposits associated with carbonatite–alkaline complexes in the western part of state Rajasthan India. The design FIS selection input predictor map are guided by a generalised conceptual model carbonatite–alkaline-complex-related REE mineral systems. In first stage, three FISs constructed fertility favourable geodynamic settings, lithospheric architecture fluid transportation shallow crustal (near-surface) emplacement architecture, respectively, study area. second outputs above integrated Stochastic systemic uncertainties output maps estimated facilitate decision-making regarding exploration targets. led identification prospective targets Kamthai–Sarnu-Dandeli Mundwara regions, where detailed project-scale ground recommended. Low-confidence were identified Siwana ring complex region, north northeast Sarnu-Dandeli, south Barmer, Mundwara. Detailed geological mapping geochemical sampling together high-resolution magnetic radiometric surveys recommended these areas increase level confidence before undertaking exploration. prospectivity-analysis workflow presented this paper can be geodynamically similar regions globally, such as Afar province (East Africa), Paraná–Etendeka (South America Siberia (Russia), East European Craton–Kola (eastern Europe), Central Iapetus (North America, Greenland Baltic region) pan-superior America).